New Mouth Rinse, Finishing composite restorations, Predicatable Oral Cancer Diagnosis, Anterior Implant gingival papilla, Obesity and saliva flow
Funding cuts in UK Dental Schools
The Effectiveness of a Preprocedural Mouthrinse Containing Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC)
JADA Apr 2010
During oral procedures, microorganisms from the oral cavity may contaminate nearby surfaces. The authors evaluated the efficacy of a commercial preprocedural mouthrinse containing 0.05 percent cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in reducing the levels and composition of viable bacteria in oral spatter. CPC and CHX were equally effective in lowering the levels of spatter bacteria and performed better than water and no rinsing.
Owing to its strong antibacterial effect and the fact that it has fewer side effects than CHX, a solution containing 0.05 percent CPC may be a good alternative to that containing 0.12 CHX as a preprocedural mouthrinse used to help decrease the level of contamination in spatter.
The Efficacy of Terminalia chebula (Haritaki) Rinse on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva and Its Effect on Salivary pH, Oral Health Prev Dent 8 (2010), No. 1 (01.04.2010)
Ten per cent of T. chebula extract was prepared. A purposive sample of 30 subjects was selected and randomly divided into extract and control groups. Baseline salivary sample was collected. The freshly prepared extract rinse and control were given to the respective groups. Distilled water was used as a negative control. Salivary samples were collected at 5 and 60 min after rinsing and were subjected to pH and microbiological analyses. An acceptability questionnaire was given to all of the participants. Statistical analysis was done using paired and unpaired t tests.
Results: There was a significant reduction in the S. mutans count at 5 and 60 min after rinsing the extract. Salivary pH remained alkaline for a period of 1 h after rinsing the extract. Results of the acceptability questionnaire indicated that the mouthrinse was acceptable to 80% of the subjects.
Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that T. chebula may prove to be an effective anticaries mouthwash owing to its ability to increase salivary pH and inhibit S. mutans. This may also be a valuable public health intervention as it is economical and has multiple health benefits.
Effect of Finishing Instrumentation on the Marginal Integrity of Resin-based Composite Restorations
J of Est and Res dentisty feb 2010
The negative control specimens (course diamond) presented the largest gaps, whereas the positive control specimens (mechanically polished) generated the smallest gaps. No statistically significant difference was noted between the finishing diamonds and the positive control. The negative control exhibited significantly larger gaps when compared with the other finishing instruments. Intermediate results were observed for cross-cut, straight-cut, and spiral-cut laminated burs. Fine, extra-fine and ultra-fine finishing diamonds generated smaller gaps compared with laminated burs, but the differences were not always statistically significant.
Conclusion: Fine, extra-fine and ultra-fine finishing diamonds used to finish composite restorations generated better marginal integrity when compared with carbides and regular-grit diamonds. When finishing composite restorations, finishing diamond burs result in better composite margins than carbide laminated burs.
PROTEINS MAY PREDICT ORAL CANCER
The presence of certain proteins in oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) may predict oral cancer development, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in the journal Cancer.
Small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs) are a family of five proteins that help mineralize bone but also can spread cancer. SIBLINGs have been found in cancers including breast, lung, colon and prostate.
Researchers evaluated 60 archival surgical biopsy specimens of dysplastic OPLs by means of immunohistochemistry for expression of BSP, DSPP and OPN and correlated the specimens with local transformation to oral squamous cell carcinomas at sites adjacent to the surgically removed dysplastic OPLs.
They found that 87 percent of the biopsy specimens were positive for at least one SIBLING, which they discovered could be good or bad, depending on the protein. For instance, they found that DSPP increased the risk of developing oral cancer fourfold, and BSP significantly decreased this risk.
"The proteins could be used as biomarkers to predict [the potential of a lesion to become cancerous]," said Dr. Ogbureke. "That is very significant, because we would then be in a position to modify treatment for the individual patient’s need in the near future." JADA apr 2010
Nano-Bio-Chip Effective To Detect Premalignancies In Oral Cancer ?
Journal Cancer Prevention Research The test that uses Rice's diagnostic nano-bio-chip was found to be 97 percent "sensitive" and 93 percent specific in detecting which patients had malignant or premalignant lesions, results that compared well with traditional tests.
"One of the key discoveries in this paper is to show that the miniaturized, noninvasive approach produces about the same result as the pathologists do," said John McDevitt, the Brown-Wiess Professor of Chemistry and Bioengineering at Rice. His lab developed the novel nano-bio-chip technology at the university's BioScience Research Collaborative.
Oral cancer afflicts more than 300,000 people a year, including 35,000 in the United States alone. The five-year survival rate is 60 percent, but if cancer is detected early, that rate rises to 90 percent. MORE
Factors affecting soft tissue level around anterior maxillary single-tooth implants
Clinical Oral Implants Research Apr 2010
The majority of the implants (75%) replaced the upper central incisors. The facial mucosal margin of the implant was 0.5±0.9 mm more apical than that of the contralateral tooth. Half or more of papilla fill was observed in 89% of the samples. More apical level of the facial mucosal margin at the implant sites was significantly influenced by many factors including a thin peri-implant biotype, a proclined implant fixture angle, more apical level of the facial bone crest, increased distance from the contact point to the bone crest, contact point to the platform, and contact point to implant bone. A thin biotype was the most significant factor in determining the facial marginal mucosal level. Increased distance from the contact point to the bone crest was the only factor significantly associated with less papilla fill.
Conclusions: The papilla level around single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla was mainly influenced by the interproximal bone crest level of the adjacent tooth. Facial marginal mucosal level, on the other hand, was affected by multiple factors including the peri-implant biotype, the facial bone crest level, the implant fixture angle, the interproximal bone crest level, the depth of implant platform, and the level of first bone to implant contact.
Association Between Obesity, Flow Rate of Whole Saliva, and Dental Caries in Adolescents
Obesity Mar 2010
Of obese patients, 17 subjects had visible plaque index % >25 and 21 had bleeding on probing (BOP)% >25, both compared to only 5 subjects of the normal weight with P values of 0.005 and <0.001, respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression model BMI-sds was significantly associated with the flow rate of stimulated whole saliva less than the median value 1.5 ml/min (P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR) 1.36) as well as with DS (DS >0) (P = 0.002; OR 1.31) and the associations were not found to be confounded by any of the studied variables. The results indicate that childhood obesity is associated with reduced flow rate of stimulated whole saliva and dental caries and further strengthens obesity's negative effect on children's oral health.
Cuts to the funding of dental academia could adversely affect the ability of UK dental schools to maintain the supply of high-quality new graduates into the workforce, the British Dental Association (BDA) has warned today. The BDA's warning follows the recent announcement by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) that funding allocations for universities and higher education colleges for 2010-11 will be reduced. MORE
'Ugly Betty' Effect brings Ortho patients (Jassi jaisi koi Nahin)
Orthodontists call it the 'Ugly Betty effect', after the television show character who, despite working on a trendy fashion magazine, sports full 'train-track' braces.Adults now make up half of all patients in some UK clinics, according to the British Orthodontic Society - and despite the invisible, discreet options available, many choose to have traditional fixed braces.
'Thanks to Ugly Betty and film stars such as Tom Cruise having orthodontic treatment, there is no longer shame about being an adult with braces,' says Dr Neil Counihan of Elleven Orthodontics, in Central London, one of a number of private practices catering solely to the adult market. MORE
Orthodontists call it the 'Ugly Betty effect', after the television show character who, despite working on a trendy fashion magazine, sports full 'train-track' braces.Adults now make up half of all patients in some UK clinics, according to the British Orthodontic Society - and despite the invisible, discreet options available, many choose to have traditional fixed braces.
'Thanks to Ugly Betty and film stars such as Tom Cruise having orthodontic treatment, there is no longer shame about being an adult with braces,' says Dr Neil Counihan of Elleven Orthodontics, in Central London, one of a number of private practices catering solely to the adult market. MORE
Use Chlorhexidine to improve bond strength
Want to make your restorations last longer? Add a dab of chlorhexidine to the preparation. That's the latest tip from some researchers presenting their findings at the recent American Association for Dental Research (AADR) meeting in Washington, DC. In fact, a few dental professors are so convinced it works they're already teaching it to their students as standard procedure.
And surprisingly, the main argument for adding this well-known disinfectant has nothing to do with bacteria.
"I think we're one of the first schools in the country to use it," said Peter Moon, Ph.D., director of the Virginia Commonwealth University Dental Biomaterials Laboratory. "I feel pretty strongly that it works."
Moon expects his review of the research to be published in a forthcoming issue of the Open Dentistry Journal. Another research group published a clinical trial last summer in Operative Dentistry (July-August 2009, Vol. 34:4, pp. 379-383). And two presentations on the topic at the AADR meeting generated some of the gathering's hottest buzz. MORE
Want to make your restorations last longer? Add a dab of chlorhexidine to the preparation. That's the latest tip from some researchers presenting their findings at the recent American Association for Dental Research (AADR) meeting in Washington, DC. In fact, a few dental professors are so convinced it works they're already teaching it to their students as standard procedure.
And surprisingly, the main argument for adding this well-known disinfectant has nothing to do with bacteria.
"I think we're one of the first schools in the country to use it," said Peter Moon, Ph.D., director of the Virginia Commonwealth University Dental Biomaterials Laboratory. "I feel pretty strongly that it works."
Moon expects his review of the research to be published in a forthcoming issue of the Open Dentistry Journal. Another research group published a clinical trial last summer in Operative Dentistry (July-August 2009, Vol. 34:4, pp. 379-383). And two presentations on the topic at the AADR meeting generated some of the gathering's hottest buzz. MORE
JADA Apr 2010
During oral procedures, microorganisms from the oral cavity may contaminate nearby surfaces. The authors evaluated the efficacy of a commercial preprocedural mouthrinse containing 0.05 percent cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in reducing the levels and composition of viable bacteria in oral spatter. CPC and CHX were equally effective in lowering the levels of spatter bacteria and performed better than water and no rinsing.
Owing to its strong antibacterial effect and the fact that it has fewer side effects than CHX, a solution containing 0.05 percent CPC may be a good alternative to that containing 0.12 CHX as a preprocedural mouthrinse used to help decrease the level of contamination in spatter.
The Efficacy of Terminalia chebula (Haritaki) Rinse on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva and Its Effect on Salivary pH, Oral Health Prev Dent 8 (2010), No. 1 (01.04.2010)
Ten per cent of T. chebula extract was prepared. A purposive sample of 30 subjects was selected and randomly divided into extract and control groups. Baseline salivary sample was collected. The freshly prepared extract rinse and control were given to the respective groups. Distilled water was used as a negative control. Salivary samples were collected at 5 and 60 min after rinsing and were subjected to pH and microbiological analyses. An acceptability questionnaire was given to all of the participants. Statistical analysis was done using paired and unpaired t tests.
Results: There was a significant reduction in the S. mutans count at 5 and 60 min after rinsing the extract. Salivary pH remained alkaline for a period of 1 h after rinsing the extract. Results of the acceptability questionnaire indicated that the mouthrinse was acceptable to 80% of the subjects.
Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that T. chebula may prove to be an effective anticaries mouthwash owing to its ability to increase salivary pH and inhibit S. mutans. This may also be a valuable public health intervention as it is economical and has multiple health benefits.
Effect of Finishing Instrumentation on the Marginal Integrity of Resin-based Composite Restorations
J of Est and Res dentisty feb 2010
The negative control specimens (course diamond) presented the largest gaps, whereas the positive control specimens (mechanically polished) generated the smallest gaps. No statistically significant difference was noted between the finishing diamonds and the positive control. The negative control exhibited significantly larger gaps when compared with the other finishing instruments. Intermediate results were observed for cross-cut, straight-cut, and spiral-cut laminated burs. Fine, extra-fine and ultra-fine finishing diamonds generated smaller gaps compared with laminated burs, but the differences were not always statistically significant.
Conclusion: Fine, extra-fine and ultra-fine finishing diamonds used to finish composite restorations generated better marginal integrity when compared with carbides and regular-grit diamonds. When finishing composite restorations, finishing diamond burs result in better composite margins than carbide laminated burs.
PROTEINS MAY PREDICT ORAL CANCER
The presence of certain proteins in oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) may predict oral cancer development, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in the journal Cancer.
Small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs) are a family of five proteins that help mineralize bone but also can spread cancer. SIBLINGs have been found in cancers including breast, lung, colon and prostate.
Researchers evaluated 60 archival surgical biopsy specimens of dysplastic OPLs by means of immunohistochemistry for expression of BSP, DSPP and OPN and correlated the specimens with local transformation to oral squamous cell carcinomas at sites adjacent to the surgically removed dysplastic OPLs.
They found that 87 percent of the biopsy specimens were positive for at least one SIBLING, which they discovered could be good or bad, depending on the protein. For instance, they found that DSPP increased the risk of developing oral cancer fourfold, and BSP significantly decreased this risk.
"The proteins could be used as biomarkers to predict [the potential of a lesion to become cancerous]," said Dr. Ogbureke. "That is very significant, because we would then be in a position to modify treatment for the individual patient’s need in the near future." JADA apr 2010
Nano-Bio-Chip Effective To Detect Premalignancies In Oral Cancer ?
Journal Cancer Prevention Research The test that uses Rice's diagnostic nano-bio-chip was found to be 97 percent "sensitive" and 93 percent specific in detecting which patients had malignant or premalignant lesions, results that compared well with traditional tests.
"One of the key discoveries in this paper is to show that the miniaturized, noninvasive approach produces about the same result as the pathologists do," said John McDevitt, the Brown-Wiess Professor of Chemistry and Bioengineering at Rice. His lab developed the novel nano-bio-chip technology at the university's BioScience Research Collaborative.
Oral cancer afflicts more than 300,000 people a year, including 35,000 in the United States alone. The five-year survival rate is 60 percent, but if cancer is detected early, that rate rises to 90 percent. MORE
Factors affecting soft tissue level around anterior maxillary single-tooth implants
Clinical Oral Implants Research Apr 2010
The majority of the implants (75%) replaced the upper central incisors. The facial mucosal margin of the implant was 0.5±0.9 mm more apical than that of the contralateral tooth. Half or more of papilla fill was observed in 89% of the samples. More apical level of the facial mucosal margin at the implant sites was significantly influenced by many factors including a thin peri-implant biotype, a proclined implant fixture angle, more apical level of the facial bone crest, increased distance from the contact point to the bone crest, contact point to the platform, and contact point to implant bone. A thin biotype was the most significant factor in determining the facial marginal mucosal level. Increased distance from the contact point to the bone crest was the only factor significantly associated with less papilla fill.
Conclusions: The papilla level around single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla was mainly influenced by the interproximal bone crest level of the adjacent tooth. Facial marginal mucosal level, on the other hand, was affected by multiple factors including the peri-implant biotype, the facial bone crest level, the implant fixture angle, the interproximal bone crest level, the depth of implant platform, and the level of first bone to implant contact.
Association Between Obesity, Flow Rate of Whole Saliva, and Dental Caries in Adolescents
Obesity Mar 2010
Of obese patients, 17 subjects had visible plaque index % >25 and 21 had bleeding on probing (BOP)% >25, both compared to only 5 subjects of the normal weight with P values of 0.005 and <0.001, respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression model BMI-sds was significantly associated with the flow rate of stimulated whole saliva less than the median value 1.5 ml/min (P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR) 1.36) as well as with DS (DS >0) (P = 0.002; OR 1.31) and the associations were not found to be confounded by any of the studied variables. The results indicate that childhood obesity is associated with reduced flow rate of stimulated whole saliva and dental caries and further strengthens obesity's negative effect on children's oral health.
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